International Policies

The executive order issued by U.S. President Donald Trump[1] designating the Muslim Brotherhood-including its Lebanese branch-as a terrorist organization represents a pivotal moment in Washington’s approach to political Islam in the Middle East. The decision goes beyond immediate security considerations, reflecting a broader shift in the United States’ assessment of the role of Islamist movements in fragile environments, their connections…

The U.S. Department of the Treasury issued a statement announcing that the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) had designated the Egyptian and Jordanian branches of the Muslim Brotherhood as Specially Designated Global Terrorist (SDGT) entities pursuant to counterterrorism authority under Executive Order 13224. Meanwhile, the U.S. Department of State designated al-Gama’a al-Islamiya as a Foreign Terrorist Organization under Section…

The publication by U.S. President Donald Trump of an image associated with Nicolás Maduro was not a fleeting act within the sphere of political communication; rather, it constituted a symbolic move laden with implications that extend beyond the content of the image itself. The analytical value here does not lie in questioning the image’s authenticity or its technical circumstances, but…

This strategy differs from the strategies of past administrations where U.S. global hegemony was the prominent goal. Instead, the Trump administration is utilizing a hardline approach that prioritizes U.S. domestic interests, at the expense of longstanding relations with economic and security partners. By presenting a ‘Trump Corollary’ to the Monroe Doctrine, the U.S. administration is actively pursuing dominance in the…

In the second half of the twentieth century, the international system witnessed a fundamental transformation in its approach to human rights. This shift moved human rights from the realm of broad moral principles to that of a binding international legal framework, one that redefined the relationship between the state and the individual, clarified the limits of authority, and reshaped the…

Introduction In the third decade of the twenty-first century, the world is undergoing a profound transitional moment that extends well beyond familiar geopolitical shifts. Alongside the rise of Asian powers, the erosion of Western centrality, and the intensification of transnational crises, there has emerged a broad wave of identity redefinition, the politicization of cultural belonging, and a renewed prominence of…

Resolution 2803 represents a decisive moment in the trajectory of the war on Gaza-not merely as a framework for a ceasefire, but as an international mechanism aimed at politically and security-wise re-engineering the Strip. It does so through the creation of the Peace Council as a transitional body and the authorization of an international stabilization force endowed with broad powers,…

Abstract This paper posits that the Islamic Action Front Party (IAF) in Jordan may be included among the entities subjected to U.S. security assessment, on the basis that it represents one of the organizational arms linked-according to the American perspective-to the Muslim Brotherhood. The assessment may also encompass certain charitable associations operating in Jordan, as well as senior figures who…

This study examines how the so-called “Islamic State” (ISIS) shifted from the model of a centralized caliphate-previously directed from Iraq and Syria-to a decentralized structure built on relatively autonomous local franchises across Africa. This transformation followed the collapse of the organization’s central command in the Levant and the emergence of a highly unstable African environment marked by state fragility. Multiple…

On 24 November 2025, United States President Donald Trump issued an executive order that took a half-step that three decades of precedent suggested was based on inaccurate information and analysis.  The order claimed that it “sets in motion  a process by which certain chapters or other subdivisions of the Muslim Brotherhood shall be considered for designation as Foreign Terrorist Organizations.”…